Multidirectional Shoulder Instability

Multidirectional shoulder instability (MDI) often develops in individuals who have increased looseness of the supporting ligaments that surround the shoulder joint. The laxity can be a natural condition (present from birth) or a condition that has developed over time. Many patients with MDI are active in overhead sports (i.e.: gymnastics, swimming, or baseball) that repetitively stretch the shoulder capsule to extreme ranges of motion.

Cause of injury

Participation is sports involving overhead movement often causes MDI due to repetitive stretching of the shoulder joint capsule. Over time, the labrum and ligaments can become stretched or torn, causing a partial or complete dislocation of the shoulder.

Signs and Symptoms

A frequent symptom of MDI is subluxation, when the shoulder may slip (sublux) in certain positions and may even feel loose. This often occurs when the hand is raised above the head (i.e.: while throwing).  In some cases, the shoulder may become so loose that it dislocates frequently.  If the nerves have been stretched, a numb spot may develop on the outside of the arm, below the top of the shoulder.

Diagnosis

MDI is diagnosed with a complete physical examination by a physician or therapist.  He/she will assess range of motion, symptoms, and how the injury limits activity. He/she may also order X-rays or an MRI to determine the exact cause(s) of instability.

Treatment

A therapist can guide rehabilitation to ensure 100% return to activity as safely and quickly as possible. Often patients with MDI benefit from a course of physical therapy designed to strengthen the rotator cuff muscles through regular shoulder exercises.  Strengthening the rotator cuff muscles plays an important role in preventing the shoulder from easily slipping out of joint.

For more information, e-mail info@proaxistherapy.com.

To make an appointment, call Proaxis Therapy at (864) 454-0904.