Ankle Sprains

Ankle sprains are one of the most common injuries related to activities of daily living and sports.  They occur when the foot lands in an unnatural position as a result of descending stairs, stepping off of a curb, or jumping.  Ankle sprains are common in basketball and other sports with jumping, pivoting, and cutting to the side are involved.  When the foot lands on its side, an ankle sprain often results.

Cause of injury

There are two types of ankle sprains: inversion and eversion sprains. Inversion sprains represent over 90 percent of ankle sprains and occur when the sole of the foot is facing inward, stretching or tearing the ligaments on the outside of the ankle (lateral ligaments). Eversion sprains occur when the foot is facing out, damaging the ligaments on the inside of the ankle (medial ligaments).

Signs and Symptoms

Ankle sprains vary in severity and are classified in grades (I-III). Most ankle sprains, regardless of classification, result in pain, swelling, and bruising. Grade I sprains occur when the ligament is stretched.  Patients can usually walk without using crutches but cannot run or jump.  Grade II sprains indicate partial tearing of the ligament.  Individuals with Grade II sprains also experience varying degrees of internal bleeding. Grade III sprains indicate complete ligament tears. In addition to experiencing all symptoms of a Grade I and II sprain, individuals usually have difficulty with weight bearing on the foot.

Diagnosis

While ankle sprains are often considered fairly benign injuries, appropriate treatment can ensure a fast and optimal recovery and will decrease risk of repeat injury.  If an individual experiences significant swelling and cannot put weight on his/her foot, a physician consultation is recommended.  The physician may elect to perform further tests, such as an X-rays or an MRI.

Treatment

RICE (Rest, Ice Compression, and Elevation) is the most common treatment for acute an ankle sprain. Physical therapy is recommended in order for an individual to return to sports as quickly and safely as possible. Supervised physical therapy can ensure an individual regains strength, balance, and proprioception- critical in preventing chronic instability, a common occurrence following repeated ankle sprains.

For more information, e-mail info@proaxistherapy.com.

To make an appointment, call Proaxis Therapy at (864) 454-0904.